One of the well -known excerpts: "In fact, parasites killed many more people than all wars in history."Amazing as a simple, sometimes single -celled creature, it is possible to disturb the work of a large organism.People did not remain debt.Methods have been developed that allow you to identify a parasitic invasion of the early stages and start treatment in time.Analyzes on pests in adults can pass both to a regular state hospital and the Laboratory of Private Clinics.
Who are parasites and how to recognize them
Pests are a numerous group of organizations that are capable of existence only because of the resources of the owner.They cannot live on their own.The parasites in the human body are fastened to the skin (bugs, ticks), to the gastrointestinal tract (Ascarides, pinworms).In the gut, the most favorable environment for the vital activity of the parasite.There are also creatures that live in the lymphatic vessels (Filiria), in the mucous membranes of internal organs (Trematoda).To win a place in the host's body, worms and protozo use suction cups, hooks, clothespins, chitin plates or hard hairs.
It is possible to determine the presence of pests in the human body and their colony, using the methods of modern laboratory diagnosis.What tests should be taken for pests in the adult:
- Histological study of feces.
- Serological studies (blood tests): Immuno -Anti -Elisu, indirect hemospheric reaction (RNG), immunofluorescence reaction (reef or kuns), accumulation reaction.
- PCR resolution.
Often diagnosis is difficult because not all parasites have characteristic clinical manifestations and not all methods are equally sensitive.What is the name of the analysis to be taken, the treating doctor will say.It is often recommended to receive a complete analysis of pests.
What is the risk of pests
Parasitic invasions are largely exhausted by human immunity.Immunity is one of the components of the body's regulatory system.With immunodeficiency:
Be careful
According to statistics, more than 1 billion people are infected with parasites.You may not suspect that you have become a pest victim.
It is easy to determine the presence of pests in the body with a symptom - an unpleasant oral odor.Ask loved ones if you have a smell of your mouth in the morning (before brushing your teeth).If so, with a 99% probability you infect with pests.
Pest infection leads to neurosis, rapid fatigue, abrupt changes in moods, start more serious diseases.
To menPests cause: prostatitis, impotence, adenoma, cystitis, sand, kidney stones and bladder.
To women: Pain and inflammation of the ovaries.Fiber, muscle, fibrous acid mastopathy, adrenal inflammation, bladder and kidney grow.As well as the heart and cancer.
We immediately want to warn that you do not need to run to the pharmacy and buy expensive medicines, which, according to pharmacists, will scratch all the parasites.Most medicines are extremely ineffective, in addition, cause great damage to the body:
- The risk of virus infection increases.
- The level of antioxidant and cancer protection is reduced.
- There is a violation of vascular permeability and malfunctions in hematopoiesis.
Pests can cause serious allergic reactions.
Helminants also have an immediate harm.They are attached to the internal organs with sharp hooks or plates, mechanically destroying the mucous membranes.The normal work of the affected body is violated.
Helminth activities harm the body at the molecular level.The rate of insulin synthesis, growth factor and collagen decreases.This leads to a slowdown in growth and physical development processes.Absorption in the small intestine is also reduced.Parasitic infections are characterized by a short chronic loss of blood by the affected organs.
Recent scientific studies have shown that worms in the intestines distinguish special toxins that suppress the activities of cytokines.These are information molecules that regulate intracellular contacts.They give cell information about the external environment.If there is free space, then the cell can start division.Inhibiting the work of cytokines can lead to the formation of a tumor.Cytokines also provide an agreed reaction of immune, nerve and hormonal systems to the action of foreign factors.
Reasons to provide analysis for parasites
When infected with individual pests, a person may not feel symptoms.But over time, the number of helmets increases and the infection begins to manifest.It is necessary to test for parasites if there are symptoms such as abdominal pain of different detection that can occur spontaneously or in palpation.
The nature of the symptoms depends on the type of pests.Itching and burning in the anal area cause pinworms.Askarides causes serious allergic reactions as well as abdominal pain.Lambia, echinococcus and swelling affect the liver.It is often the cause of biliary pathway and cholesterol (stagnation of bile), inflammation of the gall bladder.Lightweight feces with fat drops are one of the main signs of liver and pancreas pathology.The symptom of the parasitic effect on the liver and gall bladder is the pain in the right hypochondriac.
If many of the reported symptoms occur, it is necessary to go to the hospital to locate the pests in the body in time.It is necessary to receive regular preventive tests for parasites for children, people who live or work with animals.If the raw, crazy, slightly salted meat, lard or fish are regularly consumed for food, the risk of infection is very high.In this case, it is also necessary to check regularly to identify the pests.
Detailed symptom
A histological compression is a microscopic study of feces for the detection of eggs, larvae or traces of the vital activity of adult pests.Detailed analysis of feces is a universal method for detecting intestinal helminths (Pinworms, Ascaris, Ankylost, Plum -head).
How to get a stool analysis.You have to buy a special sterile container in a pharmacy.It is full of stool masses at one -third of the volume.Before defecation, it is necessary to urinate so that the urine does not fall into the sample.The lid of the full container is tightly twisted.
The biomaterial can be stored in the refrigerator for no more than 8 hours, after this time it is no longer suitable for research.A week before resolution, you should stop taking medication, blocking fried and fat dishes.On the eve of the fence of the material, you cannot put the candles of the rectum, drink a laxative or make enema.
The main disadvantage of compact is low yield (about 35%).Leaders do not put eggs every day.Therefore, the analysis of the pest feces should be taken three times with 3-5 days.Disturbed results can usually be taken 4-6 days after delivery.
Scraping in parasites
A scraping or coating from the anus area is only obtained for the diagnosis of Pinworms.The coating is taken in two ways:
- using a special spatula or cotton wool.
- With the help of a sticky movie.
A spatula can be purchased at a pharmacy.The coating is removed around the anus and the crotch.The procedure can be done at home or in a clinic.The material fence takes place in the morning, before that you can't wash or steal.If the scraping was done at home, then the spatula should be placed in a sealed container or bag and on the same day delivered to the laboratory.The result of the analysis can be taken tomorrow.To make an accurate diagnosis, the parasite analysis must be submitted several times in a row.
Blood tests
You can donate blood to parasites.This is a universal object of laboratory research.By changing his composition, one can judge the pathologies within the body.How to locate parasites by examining blood, what tests are donated?Immunodeficiency for antibodies and antigens, indirect hemosipolia and immunofluorescence reaction is carried out.In a general blood test, in the presence of parasitic infection in the body, the level of eosinophils increases.
Elisa
Elisa allows you to determine the presence and concentration of immunoglobulin (antibodies) in the blood, which are produced in response to the invasion of foreign factors (antigens).IFA resolution is an extremely sensitive method that allows you to find antigens even in small quantities.With its help, you can accurately determine the type of pests, the number of colony, and the process of developing the process.
Elisa for parasites in the human body is decrypted according to five categories of antibodies.For the diagnosis of helminth invasion, there are several immunoglobulins only three classes:
- Immunoglobulin M (IgM).It is produced 4 days after infection, which exist in the blood for 6 weeks.The presence of IgM indicates the intense reproduction of foreign factors.
- G (IgG) immunoglobulins.They enter the bloodstream of the blood at 20-28 days after infection, they may be in the plasma for several months or years.The presence of IgG indicates infection.
- Immunoglobulin A (IGA).They are produced two weeks after the penetration of pathogens disappear after 5-8 weeks.IGA presence indicates an infection or that the body is cleaned.
A blood sample for Elisa passes in the morning on an empty stomach.
RNA
The reaction of indirect hemogling is the most specific and sensitive of all serological methods.The reaction of red blood cells to the action of a variety of antigens is studied.Evaluate the nature and intensity of the sedimentation of red blood cells.With a high and intense reaction, the bottom of the tube is covered with glued red blood cells.The results of the analysis are decrypted by the treating physician.
Faster
An indirect immunofluorescence reaction allows you to identify a cluster of antigen antigen.For this reason, a blood sample is treated with a special serum anti -immunoglobulin, which contains fluctuation in the synthesis.After that, the sample is studied under a fluorescent microscope.
The results are evaluated by the intensity of yellow green shine.High titles indicate the presence of helminth.The healing doctor deals with the decoding of the results of the analysis.
Rsk
An antibody with the corresponding antigen is formed by an immune complex that can communicate with a supplement system.This is based on the RSK method (reaction of supplementary commitment).If the antigen-anti-reversal complex is not formed, then the supplement remains free.
RSK is used to diagnose the acute phase of parasitic diseases.
Diagnosis with PCR
The polymerase chain reaction is a modern and high research method.With its help, you can diagnose the presence of viruses, bacteria, protozogs, and intracellular pests in the body.For analysis, blood and other organic fluids are suitable.
The result of the polymerase chain reaction is the decrypt DNA of the parasite.You can accurately determine the type of pathogenic organism.The disadvantage of PCR is that it is impossible to determine the number of pests and the stage of development of the disease.
Conclusion
Analyzes for the identification of pests must be made to each person.Regular exams will help avoid huge health problems that cause these small creatures.Which method of analysis is best to choose, the doctor will say.